Abenshi – abakristu n’abatari bo – tuvuga Kiliziya nk’aho ari ikintu tudafite aho duhuriye: Kiliziya ikwiye kuduha ibi cyangwa biriya, Kiliziya imeze itya… Kiliziya irakabya ku ngingo iyi cyangwa iriya,… Ibi bituma umuntu yibaza ngo iyo tuvuze Kiliziya, tuba tuvuze iki ? Twumva nde ? Kiliziya iva he ikagarukira he haba mu nyigisho no mu bikorwa byayo ?…
Ni ngombwa ko tugerageza kwiyibutsa icyo Kiliziya ari cyo, ubutumwa bwayo mu isi n’ishingiro ryabwo.
1 options applicable to his clinical condition and the relatedSildenafil is not indicated for use by women. cialis without prescription.
Duhereye kuri Gatigisimu idutegurira amasakaramentu y’ibanze, tubona ko “Kiliziya ni imbaga y’Imana n’umuryango w’abemera Kristu bose, Yezu ahuriza mu rukundo ku bwa Roho Mutagatifu akabayobora ku Mana Data”. Ni ukuvuga ko Kiliziya ishora imizi mu iyobera ry’Ubutatu Butagatifu: “Kiliziya ni iyobera, ishingiye ku iyobera rukumbi ry’Imana: ihamagariwe kubeshwaho n’ubumwe bw’Imana ubwayo”[1].
Kiliziya rero ni umuryango w’Imana washinzwe na Yezu Kristu, Jambo w’Imana wigize umuntu. Ubuzima bwe bwo ku isi ni bwo bwashibutseho Kiliziya yari yarateguwe kuva kera na kare mu Isezerano rya Kera. Mu buzima bwa Yezu ku isi, hari ibihe bitanu by’ingenzi bitwereka itegurwa n’ishingwa rya Kiliziya. Twavuga ko ari amatariki atanu (5) y’ishingwa rya Kiliziya mu buzima bwa Yezu ku isi.
Itariki ya 1: Iyobera ry’Ukwigira umuntu (Incarnation)
Yezu, Umwana w’Imana, yemeye kwigira umuntu avukira i Betelehemu kugira ngo muri We huzuzwe isezerano Imana yagiriye Abrahamu ko izamugira « umuryango munini » (Intg 12, 2; 15, 5-6). Muri Yezu Kristu, Umucunguzi wari warasezeranywe, ni ho Imana ikoranyiriza abantu bo mu mahanga yose ngo bareme umuryango wayo ku bw’isezerano rishya kandi rizahoraho iteka, wari waragenuwe n’Umuryango wa Israheli (Yer 31, 31-34; Iz 55, 3).
Itariki ya 2: Itorwa ry’Intumwa
Yezu yateguye ishingwa rya Kiliziya igihe atoye abigishwa be ahereye bavandimwe Simoni na Andereya bene Yonasi, Yakobo na Yohani bene Zebedeyi: “Nimunkurikire nzabagira abarobyi b’abantu” (Mt 4, 19). Muri abo bigishwa kandi Yezu yatoyemo cumi na babiri abita Intumwa (Lk 6, 13), ni ukuvuga abo yateganyaga kohereza kwamamaza Inkuru Nziza y’umukiro (apostolos=envoyé=uwoherejwe=intumwa).
Itariki ya 3: Iyimikwa rya Petero
“Noneho nkubwiye ko uri urutare, kandi kuri urwo rutare nzubakaho Kiliziya yanjye n’ububasha bwo mu kuzimu ntibuzayitsinda” (Mt 16, 18). Muri aya magambo, Yezu yerekana ko Kiliziya igomba kugira icyerekezo gishingiye ku buyobozi bwa Petero. Ni cyo gituma na n’ubu, Kiliziya yubakiye kuri ubwo bubasha Yezu yahaye Petero n’izindi Ntumwa, bukagaragarira muri Papa nk’Umusimbura wa Petero n’Abepiskopi nk’abazungura b’Intumwa.
Itariki ya 4: Iyobera rya Pasika:
Ku wa kane Mutagatifu, Yezu yaremye amasakaramentu abiri Kiliziya yubakiyeho: Ubusaserdoti n’Ukaristiya (Reba Lk 22, 19-20), naho ku wa gatanu Mutagatifu, igitambo cyo ku musaraba kiba indunduro y’iremwa : Kiliziya yavukiye mu iyobera ry’urubavu rwe rwahinguranyijwe icumu, maze hakavamo amaraso n’amazi (Reba Yh 19, 34).
Itariki ya 5: Umunsi mukuru wa Pentekositi
Kuri Pentekositi, Kiliziya yahawe ububasha bwo gusohoka, ikugurura amarembo ikagera no ku banyamahanga (natwe turimo), ibikesha imbaraga n’ingabire Roho Mutagatifu yasendereje Intumwa za Yezu (Intu 2, 1-13).
2. Ubutumwa bwa Kiliziya mu isi
Kiliziya, nk’uko tumaze kuyumva, ifite ubutumwa n’ububasha yahawe n’Uwayishinze, Yezu Kristu. Ni ubutumwa buri mu byiciro 3: Ubuhamya cyangwa Kwigisha (kerygma-martyria), Gutagatifuza (leitourgia) n’Urukundo rufasha (diakonia-charitas).
Mu buryo bworoheje, ubu butumwa twabukubura mu ngingo ebyiri: kuba Umubyeyi n’umwigisha w’abantu bose. Ubwo butumwa Yezu yabuhaye intumwa ze aho amariye kuzuka nk’integeko badakwiye guca ku ruhande: « Nimugende mwigishe amahanga yose, mubabatize ku izina ry’Imana Data na Mwana na Roho Mutagatifu, mubatoze gukurikiza ibyo nabategetse byose » (Mt 28, 19).
Mutagatifu Papa Yohani XXIII[2], adufasha kubyumva agira ati « Kiliziya, umubyeyi n’umwigisha w’abantu bose, yashinzwe na Yezu Kristu kugira ngo, uko ibihe bigenda bisimburana, abantu bose babonere muri yo no mu rukundo rwayo ubusendere bw’ubuzima nyakuri n’icyemezo kidasubirwaho cy’umukiro. Iyo Kiliziya, « inkingi n’ishingiro ry’ukuri », Uwayishinze yayihaye inshingano ebyiri: kwibaruka abana (umubyeyi), kubarera no kubayobora (umwigisha-umurezi), igaragaza urukundo rwa kibyeyi mu kwita ku buzima bwa buri muntu ku giti cye no ku buzima bw’abantu bose muri rusange, maze igakomeza guharanira ko agaciro kabo kubahirizwa kandi kakarindwa » (MM, §§1-2).
2.1. Kiliziya, umubyeyi w’abantu bose
Kiliziya ni umubyeyi, kuko ku bwa Batisimu ibyara abantu, bagenewe kuba abana b’Imana, bagira uruhare ku buzima bwa Kristu, Umwana w’Imana wigize umuntu, kandi ikabatungisha amasakaramentu, cyane cyane Ukaristiya. Koko rero, ubuzima bw’abana b’Imana duhabwa muri Batisimu bwuzurizwa mu Ugukomezwa kandi bukagaburirwa n’Ukaristiya Ntagatifu
sexual problems. usa cialis Erectile dysfunction is a symptom based on the patient’s.
Kiliziya kandi ni umubyeyi kuko itegurira abantu bose ubuzima bw’iteka : « Ubukristu buhuza isi n’ijuru, kuko bwita kuri muntu uko yakabaye, nk’umuntu ugizwe na roho n’umubiri, ugizwe n’ubwenge n’ugushaka, maze bukamuhamagarira kurenga imibereho iyoyoka y’ubuzima bwo ku isi akarangamira ubuzima buhoraho iteka, aho azabaho mu munezero n’amahoro bizira iherezo » (MM, § 3).
Kiliziya na none ni umubyeyi kuko yigana urugero rwa Kristu wayishinze ugira ati: « Iyi mbaga nyifitiye impuhwe, kuko hashize iminsi itatu bankurikiye, kandi bakaba badafite ibyo kurya. Nimbasezerera batariye, baragwa mu nzira, kandi muri bo harimo abaturutse kure » (Mk 8, 2-3). Ibyo Kiliziya ikabikora mu nyigisho zayo no mu bikorwa by’urukundo idahwema gukora ishimangira izo nyigisho mu kwita ku mbabare n’indushyi. Bityo rero mu ijwi ryayo no mu bikorwa byayo, Kristu, we « Mushumba mukuru yiyerekezaho imibabaro, imihangayiko n’ibyifuzo by’abaciye bugufi n’abapfukiranwa, akaba umurinzi n’umurengezi w’uburenganzira bwabo buhutazwa » (MM, § 7).
2.2. Kiliziya, umwigisha w’abantu bose
Ikurikije itegeko n’urugero rwa Nyagasani Yezu, Kiliziya ihamagariwe kwigisha, kugira ngo abemera babone umukiro: « Nimujye mu isi hose, mwamamaze inkuru nziza mu biremwa byose. Uzemera akabatizwa, azakira; utazemera azacibwa » (Mk 16, 16). Kiliziya rero ni umwigisha w’abantu bose kuko ifite inshingano yo kubwira abantu (atari abakristu gusa) icyo Imana ishaka, ibibutsa no kutabusanya n’umujyo wa kamere uko yaremwe n’Imana (la loi naturelle) (CEC 2034-2035)[3].
Inyigisho za Kiliziya zikaba zirimo ibyiciro bitatu: izerekeye amahame tugomba kwemera n’amasakaramentu tugomba guhabwa (enseignement en matière de foi) n’izerekeye amategeko tugomba gukurikiza (enseignement en matière de mœurs, morality). Iki cyiciro cya gatatu ni cyo dusangamo icyitwa « Inyigisho za Kiliziya ku mibereho n’imibanire y’abantu » (Doctrine Sociale de l’Église/Social Teaching of the Church).
Ni ukuvuga rero ko Kiliziya idahamagariwe gusa kwigisha amahame y’ukwemera – inyigisho zibategurira ubuzima bw’ijuru – ahubwo ihamagariwe no gutoza abantu kubaho nk’abigishwa ba Yezu wazutse : bashaka kandi bakora ugushaka kw’Imana aho babarizwa hose, mu bireba muntu byose, ni ukuvuga bakurikiza amategeko y’Imana, yaba ashingiye ku Ivanjili cyangwa ayanditse muri kamere yabo uko bayatozwa n’umutimanama usukuye (la loi naturelle).
Mu yandi magambo, « nubwo Kiliziya ihamagariwe mbere na mbere gutagatifuza roho z’abantu no kuzerekeza ku buzima ndengakamere (bw’ijuru), iterwa igishyika n’ibijyanye n’ubuzima bwa buri munsi bw’abantu, haba ku birebana n’imibereho yabo, haba no ku byerekeye iterambere n’umuco mu byiciro byawo byose ndetse no mu bihe byose » (MM, § 6).
Iyo Kiliziya itanga inyigisho mbonezamubano iba ihamya kwa kuri ko “Kubaho ari ukubana”. Kugira ngo ashobore kugera ku mibereho ikwiye, muntu agomba kumva ko atari nyakamwe, ko atari nyamwigendaho; ahubwo akamenya ko agizwe n’imbaraga akesha “kuba-na”. Ni koko twaremewe kubana n’Imana, kubana n’abandi, kubana n’ibindi biremwa no kumenya kwibanira ubwacu.
1) Umubano wa muntu n’Imana: kumva ko muntu yaremanywe inyota yo kumenya Imana, ko muri kamere ye yaremewe ubuzima nyobokamana. Gufasha muntu kwakira impano y’ukwemera itangwa n’Imana, ari na ko gufasha muntu kugirana n’Imana ubusabane bw’urukundo n’ubuzima. Icyo duhamagariwe: kwimakaza ubwisanzure bw’iyobokamana kuri buri wese mu byerekeye ubuzima mbonezamubano n’amategeko agenga ibihugu.
2) Umubano wa muntu na we ubwe: gusigasira agaciro ntavogerwa yaremanywe, agaciro akesha kuba yararemwe mu ishusho ry’Imana no mu misusire yayo.
3) Umubano wa muntu n’abandi: muntu yaremewe kubaho no kubana n’abandi. Duhamagariwe guharanira ko iyo mibanire y’abantu imurikirwa n’ihame ry’agaciro ntavogerwa ka buri muntu, aho kureberwa gusa mu ndererwamo y’umusaruro n’inyungu tumutegerejemo. Kugira uruhare mu kwimakaza imiyoborere myiza y’inzego z’igihugu.
4) Umubano wa muntu n’ibidukikije mu murongo w’ubutumwa muntu yahawe mu ntangiriro bwo kugenga isi, kuyitegeka no kuyikoresha ku buryo buhuje n’umugambi w’Imana (Intg 1, 27-29). Ubuhamya bw’abakristu: kumurikirwa n’ubutabera n’urukundo mu gutunga, gukoresha, guhanga no gusaranganya ibintu n’umutungo.
Kuri ubwo buryo, iyo Kiliziya yigisha iba isohoza umurimo w’ubuhanuzi yahawe na Yezu : « gucyaha amahano, kuranga amizero nyakuri, tudatinye no kujora ibyiyitiranya na yo, gucyaha imico yuzuye urupfu (kandi ibeshya abantu ko ibazaniye ubuzima), no kuburira benemuntu ko uwigize agatebo ayora ivu »[4].
Inyigisho za Kiliziya mu byiciro byose, tuzisanga mu Ijambo ry’Imana (muri Bibiliya Ntagatifu) no mu Nyandiko z’Uruhererekane rw’ibyagiye bitangazwa n’abayobozi ba Kiliziya. Muri cya kiganiro Papa Yohani Pawulo wa II yagiranye n’impuguke yabibukije ko umwanya bafite muri sosiyeti ubaha inshingano yo kumenya kurushaho Ijambo ry’Imana n’Inyigisho za Kiliziya: « Ndagira ngo mbibutse impuguke zifite inshingano n’ubutumwa bukomeye bitewe n’ireme ry’ibyo zizobereyemo, bitewe n’impano zakiriye – bose si ko bagize amahirwe yo kuminuza mu by’ubumenyi –. Kuba impuguke, bibaha inshingano ebyiri z’ingenzi. Iya mbere ni ugucengera inyigisho za Kiliziya, mukamenya amahame yazo ariko cyane cyane mukihatira no kuzikurikiza mu buzima bwanyu. Ikindi musabwa ni uguhora mushakashaka uburyo bwo kumvikanisha muri iki gihe izo nyigisho muzerekeza ku Byanditswe Bitagatifu zishinzemo imizi. Muhamagariwe kwiyungura ubumenyi kuri iyo soko y’ubuhanga bwacu bwa gikristu, mugapfukama kugira ngo mutege amatwi Ijambo ry’Imana kandi mucengerwe naryo. Ni ngombwa guca bugufi kuko ari ugutega amatwi Umubyeyi wacu uri mu ijuru, uhishurira ububyeyi bwe muri twe no muri Yezu Kristu Umwana we »[5].
Ibi biratwereka ko Kiliziya, atari ishyirahamwe cyangwa umuryango udaharanira inyungu nk’indi yose tuzi. Kiliziya ni umuryango w’Imana mu bantu, ushingiye ku isezerano rishya ry’amaraso ya Kristu. Ni umuryango wubakiye ku Ntumwa nk’amabuye mazima, Yezu Kristu abereye isima iyakomeza, natwe tukawubera ingingo nzima ku bwa Roho Mutagatifu.
“Kiliziya ifite ubutumwa bwo gufasha abantu gutunganya neza imibereho yo ku isi no kuyerekeza ku Mana muri Yezu Kristu”[6]. Uwo murimo wa Kiliziya rero ukaba ugamije guharanira ko ubuzima bwa muntu n’amateka ye birushaho kurangwa n’ubumuntu, mu guharanira kwimakaza icyubahiro gikwiye muntu, mu gukomeza ubumwe bw’abatuye sosiyeti no mu kuyobora ibikorwa bya muntu mu murongo uboneye.
Ubwo butumwa, buri mukristu akaba abufitemo umwanya n’uruhare, bishingiye kuri batisimu iduha twese kugira uruhare ku busaserdoti bwa Kristu, we Musaserdoti mukuru washatse ko umuryango wose w’abemera uhinduka « imbaga ya cyami kandi n’abaherezabitambo » (Hish 1, 6 ; 5, 9-10).
Ni byo Inama Nkuru ya Kiliziya yabereye i Vatikani ubwa kabiri ihamya igira iti : « Ababatijwe bose, babikesheje kuvuka bundi bushya no gusigwa ku bwa Roho Mutagatifu, begurirwa Imana kugira ngo bahinduke ingoro ya Roho Mutagatifu kandi bahabwe ubusaserdoti butagatifu, ku buryo mu bikorwa byose bya gikristu bakera gutura igitambo cyo kuri roho, bamamaza ibitangaza by’Uwabahamagaye abakura mu mwijima akabinjiza mu rumuri rwe rw’agatangaza (1 Pet 2, 4-10). Ni yo mpamvu, abemera Kristu bose bahamagariwe kudacogora kwerekeza isengesho n’ibisingizo ku Mana (Intu 2, 42-47), bakituraho ituro nyabuzima, ritagatifu kandi rinogeye Imana (Rom 12, 1), bagahamya Kristu ku isi hose, kandi bagahora biteguye guha igisubizo buri wese ubabaza iby’amizero y’ubugingo bw’iteka bifitemo (1 Pet 3, 15). Ku bw’ubusaserdoti bwa cyami bakesha batisimu, Abakristu bagira uruhare ku gitambo cy’Ukaristiya kandi bakarangiza umurimo wabo wa gisaserdoti bahabwa cyangwa bahesha amasakaramentu, bashishikarira gusenga no gusingiza Imana, baharanira ubutungane, barangwa n’ubwizige n’urukundo rushyitse ».
Abakristu bafite uruhare rukomeye mu buzima n’ubutumwa bwa Kiliziya. Umurimo wabo ni ngombwa, ku buryo aho ubuze, rimwe na rimwe ubutumwa bw’abasaserdoti nabwo ubwabwo budatanga umusaruro ukwiye.
Kugira ngo rero urwo ruhare rwacu rugaragare mu buzima bwa Kiliziya, aha mbere umurimo w’abalayiki ugomba kunyura mu buzima n’ubutumwa bwa Paruwasi: mu bikorwa by’iyogezabutumwa (evangelisation), mu Miryango-remezo, mu Miryango ya Agisiyo Gatolika no mu micungire ya Paruwasi (mu nzego z’ubuyobozi bwayo no mu Nama ncungamutungo).
Mu minsi iri imbere, tuzagaruka kuri zimwe mu ngingo z’ingenzi z’inyigisho za Kiliziya, twibanda ku gaciro k’ubuzima bwa muntu n’icyubahiro gikwiye umuryango.
[1] Discours pronounces à l’occasion de la visite du Pape Jean-Paul II au Rwanda, 7-9 Septembre 1990, p. 47.
[2] Papa Yohani XXIII, Ibaruwa ya Gitumwa Mater et Magistra (Umubyeyi n’Umwigisha), Roma, 15/5/1961 (kanda hano uyirebe). Mu bika bikurikiyeho, aho tuyigarukaho turandika MM.
[3] Nyombayire F. (Padiri), Kiliziya ni nde? Ikomora he ibyo yigisha ?, in Tumenye Inyigisho za Kiliziya ku mibereho n’Imibanire y’abantu, 1, p. 17.
[4] Nyombayire F., p. 19.
[5] Discours, p. 49-50.52.
[6] Apostolicam Actuositatem, n. 7.
Padiri Longin NDUWAYEZU